Nama: Anggie Choirum Istianawati

Kelas: 4EA15 

NPM: 15209373
Tugas: Softskill B. Inggris Bisnis 2 

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

There are three types conditional sentences:

Type I              : Future conditional sentences

Type II            : Present conditional sentences

Type III           : Past conditional sentences

Type I

Future conditional sentences

Future conditional sentences is used to talk about possible situations in the future.

Examples:

1.      If your manager calls me, I shall meet him.

2.      If you invite me, I shall enjoy your party.

3.      If I have time, I will come to see you.

4.      If John finishes study this year, he will work at Garuda C.O.

5.      If you reserve your ticket today, you will leave from Jakarta tomorrow.

Pattern:

IF + S + VI(es) + O + (adv) + S + will/shall + VI + O + (adv)

Simple present                          Present future

Sub klause                                 Main klause

It means:

It is possible for…..to VI………and

1.      a. It is possible for your manager to call me and

b. It is possible for me to meet him.

2.      a. It is possible for you to invite me and

b. It is possible for me to enjoy your party.

3.      a. It is possible for me to have time and

b. It is possible for me to come to see you.

4.      a. It is possible for John to finish his study this year and

b. It is possible for him to work at Garuda C.O.

5.      a. It is possible for you to reserve your ticket today and

b. It is possible for you to leave from Jakarta tomorrow.

Type II

Present conditional sentences

Conditional sentence  is used to talk about actions or situations that are not taking place in the present (contrary to the fact).

Examples:
 

1.      If I were a manager, I should work at Mandari hotel.

2.      If they were here, we should invite them for the party.

3.      If you came on time, we should meet on time.

4.      If she worked hard, he should get a lot of money.

5.      If they were diligent to work, our manager should not be angry with them.

Pattern A:

IF + S + VII + (O) + (adv), S + would/should + VI + (O)

Simple past                          Past future

This sentence patterns can be reversed without changing the meaning.

Pattern B:

S + would/should + VI + (O), if + S + VII + (O) + (adv)

                                     Past future                                      Simple past

Examples: 

1.      I should work at Mandari hotel, If I were a manager.

2.      We should invite them for the party, If they were here.

3.      We should meet on time, If you came on time.

4.      He should get a lot of money, If she worked hard.

5.      Our manager should not be angry with them, If they were diligent to work.

It means (real fact):

S + don’t/doesn’t + VI + O + so that + S + don’t/doesn’t + VI

OR

S + don’t/doesn’t + VI + O + because + S + don’t/doesn’t + VI

Note:  

• So that is used to if in front of a sentences. 
• Because is used to if in the middle sentences.

Pattern A: If you called me today, I should visit you.

It means : You don't call me today so that I don't visit you.

Pattern B: I should visit Mary, If she called me today.

It means: I don't visit Mary because she doesn't call me today.

Type III         

Past conditional sentences

Conditional sentence is used to talk about actions or situations that did not take or were not taking place in the past (contrary to the fact and past situation).

Examples: 

1.      If our manager had been at hotel yesterday, I should have met him.

2.      If Lucinda had studied hard last year, she should have finished her study.

3.      If they had booked some rooms last week, they should have stayed at our hotel last night.

4.      If I had been well yesterday, I should have joined you.

Pattern A:

If + S + had + VIII + O + (adv), S + should/would + have + VIII + O + (adv)

  Past perfect                                Past future perfect

This position of sentence patterns can be changed without changing the meaning.

Pattern B:

S + should/would + have + VIII + O + (adv), If + S + had + VIII + O + (adv)

Examples: 

1.      I should have met him, If our manager had been at hotel yesterday.

2.      She should have finished her study, If Lucinda had studied hard last year.

3.      They should have stayed at our hotel last night, If they had booked some rooms last week

4.      I should have joined you, If I had been well yesterday.

      It means/ real fact: Past situation and contrary to the fact.

     

 S + didn't + VI + so that + S + didn't + VI

OR 

 S + didn't + VI + because + S + didn't + VI

   
      Examples:

1.      If you had finished your work last night, we should have gone to tne cinema.

It means: you didn’t finish your work last night so that we didn’t go to the cinema.

2.      If Annie had reserved her ticket three years ago, she should have got a flight to Denpasar yesterday.

It means: Annie didn’t reserve her ticket three days ago so that she didn’t get a flight to Denpasar yesterday.

3.      They should have stayed in our hotel last night because they had booked the rooms before.

It means: they didn’t stay in our hotel last night because they didn’t book the rooms before. 

     Sumber: Tambunan, Tony. (2007). English grammar for Paramitha tourism high school. Jakarta.